Guides / Handover & viewings
Handover & viewings
Move-in and move-out, the Übergabeprotokoll and apartment viewings.
The apartment handover produces the single most important piece of evidence in the whole tenancy: the Übergabeprotokoll recording the condition of every room. In court it counts as a private document (§ 416 ZPO), photos as visual inspection (§ 371 ZPO), provided date and content can be proven.
Here you'll find what belongs in the protocol, how photos become court-proof, what matters at move-in versus move-out, and the legal rules around viewings.
Guides for tenants
- Handover protocol apps: how BildProof is different (2026)
Übergabeprotokoll apps compared: most are digital forms. BildProof scans every room, shows what is missing and compares move-in with move-out.
- Wohnungsübergabe: what to bring to your flat handover (2026 checklist)
What goes in your bag for the Wohnungsübergabe? Nine things for move-in and move-out, from keys and your move-in record to your own record of every room.
- No Übergabeprotokoll at move-in: what tenants can do now (2026)
No Übergabeprotokoll at move-in in Germany? It is not required. The landlord must prove damage, you must prove an unrenovated flat. What to record now.
- Damage found after moving in: is there a deadline? (2026)
Damage after moving in, Germany: there is no 14-day deadline. You must report without undue delay (§ 536c BGB). How to record it for move-out.
- Scratches in the parquet at move-out: what tenants pay (2026)
Fine scratches in parquet or laminate are normal wear in Germany, and tenants pay nothing. What counts as damage, and why you do not have to sand the parquet.
- Smoking in a rented flat: what you pay at move-out (2026)
Smoking in a rented flat in Germany counts as normal use under the lease. You only pay to repaint yellow walls with a valid Schönheitsreparaturen clause.
- Lost a key as a tenant: who pays for the lock system? (2026)
Lost a rental key in Germany? You only pay for a new master key system if the landlord really replaces it (BGH, VIII ZR 205/13). What your insurance covers.
- Power of attorney for a flat handover in Germany: template (2026)
Template: power of attorney (Vollmacht) for a flat handover in Germany. Your proxy can return the keys and sign, but not acknowledge damage or agree to deductions.
- Pre-inspection before moving out in Germany: what tenants should know (2026)
A pre-inspection (Vorabnahme) before moving out in Germany is voluntary. It shows early what the landlord expects. What to sign, what counts and what to record.
- Moving out of a rented flat in Germany: the checklist (2026)
Moving out of a rented flat in Germany: notice, Schönheitsreparaturen, handover, meters, keys, Abmeldung, contracts and Kaution in order, with a timeline.
- Balcony, cellar, garden: what counts at handover (2026)
Handing back a flat in Germany: cellar, balcony, garden and parking space are part of the tenancy (§ 546 BGB). What to empty, what care you owe, what to record.
- Besenrein handover: what tenants owe at move-out (2026)
Besenrein at move-out in Germany means swept clean: empty, swept, obvious dirt gone. No window cleaning, no deep clean. What applies and what to record.
- May I take photos at the flat handover? (2026)
You can take photos at the flat handover in Germany, at move-in and move-out. What counts in court, why people should stay out of shot and the rules on sound.
- How long to keep photos and the Übergabeprotokoll? (2026)
Keep photos and the Übergabeprotokoll at least until the Kaution is back and six months after the return are over. Keep the move-in record for the whole tenancy.
- Every deadline at move-in and move-out: tenant table (2026)
Every deadline at move-in and move-out in one table: notice, registration, Kaution, Nebenkosten and the six months of § 548 BGB. With length, start and statute.
- Who pays for an expert at the flat handover? (2026)
A private expert at the flat handover in Germany is paid by whoever hires them. When you get the costs back, and how the independent evidence procedure works.
- Moving out of a Studentenwohnheim: Abnahme and Kaution (2026)
Moving out of a German Studentenwohnheim: which protections § 549 Abs. 3 BGB removes, how the Abnahme works and how to push back on Kaution deductions.
- Do I have to sign the Übergabeprotokoll? (2026)
You do not have to sign the Übergabeprotokoll in Germany, but your signature binds both sides. When to sign, when to sign with a reservation, when not at all.
- Übergabeprotokoll template for tenants (2026)
Übergabeprotokoll template for tenants in Germany to copy and print: every room, meter readings, keys, a reservation and signatures, for move-in and move-out.
- Landlord skips the move-out handover: what to do (2026)
Your landlord does not turn up to the move-out handover in Germany? How to return the flat anyway, provably, and what that means for § 548 BGB and your Kaution.
- Handing back a flat without the landlord: model letter (2026)
Model letter (Muster) to copy when the landlord does not come to the handover: offer to return the flat, return the keys with a list, ask for confirmation.
- WG room: getting the Übergabeprotokoll right (2026)
Übergabeprotokoll for a room in a German shared flat: cover the room and the shared rooms, and note that your counterpart is the Hauptmieter, not the owner.
- Zwischenmiete: documenting the handover (2026)
Zwischenmiete (interim let) in Germany: when § 549 Abs. 2 BGB removes security of tenure, when § 575 BGB applies, and why you still need two handover records.
- Wear or damage: what tenants pay for at move-out (2026)
At move-out you often hear: we are taking that off the Kaution. Whether you pay comes down to one question, wear or damage. Five things to know, and one real court case.
- Are photos enough as evidence at the handover? (2026)
Photos count as evidence at the flat handover. They help most when they show every room from several angles, with a signed Übergabeprotokoll.
- The Übergabeprotokoll in court: what counts as proof? (2026)
How much is your Übergabeprotokoll worth in a dispute? Private document (§ 416 ZPO), photos as visual inspection (§ 371 ZPO), and what “no defects” means.
- What to photograph when you move in: the checklist (2026)
What to photograph when you move in, room by room, plus the 12 spots almost everyone forgets. That way you have a complete record to protect your Kaution.
- Einzugsprotokoll: what tenants should record on move-in day (2026)
Move-in day decides what happens to your Kaution later. Five things for the Einzugsprotokoll, and one real court case.
- Übergabeprotokoll vs. Wohnungszustand: what is the difference?
The Übergabeprotokoll is only the form. The Wohnungszustand is how each room looked. In a Kaution dispute, only a concretely described condition proves anything.
- Flat viewings: what tenants have to allow (2026)
Flat viewings for a sale or reletting: you only have to allow them after notice, usually 3 to 4 days ahead, around one to three times a month, on weekdays.
- Wohnungsübergabe at move-out: tenant checklist before you sign (2026)
At the move-out Wohnungsübergabe you sign a handover record that can bind you later. Five things to check before you sign, and one real court case.
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